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Hafnium is a chemical element; it has symbol Hf and atomic number 72. A lustrous, silvery gray, tetravalent transition metal, hafnium chemically resembles zirconium and is found in many zirconium minerals. The chemical element hafnium is classed as a transition metal . It was discovered in 1923 by Georg von Hevesy and Dirk Coster.
Hafnium is a metallic element that occurs especially in zirconium minerals and is used in Control Rods for Nuclear Reactors. Hafnium is considered to be non-toxic. In powdered form it is pyrophoric (can ignite spontaneously). Hafnium is a lustrous, silvery, ductile metal. Chemically it is similar to zirconium. When present in compounds, hafnium exists mostly in the oxidation state IV. Hafnium resists corrosion due to the formation of an oxide film on exposed surfaces.
Melting Point: 2506 K，2233 °C，4051 °F
Boiling Point: 4876 K，4603 °C，8317 °F
Density: 13.31 g·cm−3
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