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Niobium is a chemical element with symbol Nb and atomic number 41. Classified as a transition metal, niobium is a solid at room temperature. Niobium is a lustrous, ductile metal. Niobium is also highly resistant to heat and corrosion, and is generally non-reactive. Niobium is a strong metal that is almost always found together with the element tantalum (Ta).
Niobium, a gray or silvery soft metal, is ductile and very malleable at room temperature and does not tarnish or oxidize at room temperature. It only reacts with oxygen and halogens when heated. It is less corrosion-resistant than tantalum is at high temperatures. Niobium is not attacked by nitric acid up to 100 °C but is vigorously attacked by the mixture of nitric and hydrofluoric acids. It is unaffected at room temperature by most acids and by aqua regia. It is attacked by alkaline solutions, to some extent, at all temperatures. Niobium becomes a superconductor at 9.15 °K. It is insoluble in water, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and aqua regia; soluble in hydrofluoric acid; and soluble in fused alkali hydroxide.
Melting Point: 2750 K，2477 °C，4491°F
Boiling Point: 5017 K, 4744°C, 8571°F
Density: 8.582 g·cm−3
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